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The Math Behind Smarter
Airport Pavements

ROI Calculator & Decision Framework
PCI Decay Curve
Pavement Condition Drops Exponentially Over Time
Without timely treatment, costs increase 6–30× as pavements deteriorate beyond the preventive window.
Year PCI (Pavement Condition Index)
Yr 0
PCI 100
Yr 3
95
Yr 6
88
Yr 9
80
Yr 12
70
Preventive Zone — PCI 70+
Seal Coat: $3–$5/SY
Yr 15
60
Yr 17
55
Rehabilitation Zone — PCI 55–70
Overlay: $15–$25/SY
Yr 19
45
Yr 21
35
Poor Condition — PCI 40–55
Yr 23
25
Yr 25
15
Failed — PCI <40
Reconstruction: $80–$130/SY
Cost Comparison
Treatment Cost Per Square Yard
Delaying treatment drives costs up by 30×.
Seal Coat
$3–$5/SY
Overlay
$15–$25/SY
Reconstruction
$80–$130/SY
30× more
30×
Delay Penalty
Every Year of Delay Costs More
Deferring maintenance accelerates cost growth non-linearly.
On Time
$1.00
Baseline cost
1-Year Delay
$1.16
+16%
3-Year Delay
$1.50
+50%
Network-Level Impact
$30M
recovered annually
For a 50-airport state program spending $100M/year,
optimization recovers $30M in value annually through
data-driven treatment timing and prioritization.
Source: GAO & FAA network modeling estimates
Sources: FAA, ACRP Synthesis 124, GAO, MDPI (2022), Harris & Associates